Basic data

According to preliminary estimates, gross domestic product, in real terms was by 3.6% higher as compared to the previous year (in 2024, an increase of 3.0% was recorded).

The slight decrease in the number of employed in the national economy continued. In the second consecutive year average paid employment in the enterprise sector declined, and the drop was slightly deeper than in 2024. The registered unemployment rate at the end of 2025 was higher than in previous years (partly due to introduction of regulations increasing the flexibility of registration since June 2025).

According to preliminary results of the Labour Force Survey, in the third quarter of 2025, both the number of employed persons and the employment rate were higher than a year ago. The number of unemployed persons and the unemployment also increased.

Growth in nominal gross wages and salaries in the enterprise sector remained considerable, yet it was lower than in the four previous years. With inflation stabilising, the purchasing power of wages and salaries increased less than in 2024, but more than in previous years.

The annual growth rate of retirement and other pensions slowed down compared with the high growth recorded in the two previous years. The increase in nominal gross retirement and other pensions from the non-agricultural social security system was similar to the increase in wages and salaries, while that of farmers was weaker. The purchasing power of benefits in both systems increased to a lesser extent than the purchasing power of wages and salaries.

The prices of sold production of industry decreased for the second consecutive year (in 2025 the decline was smaller than in 2024). In most sections of industry producer prices were lower than in 2024 (except for water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities). The prices in construction and assembly production increased, yet to a lesser extent than in previous years.

Sold production of industry increased to a greater extent than in 2024. In enterprises with more than 9 employed persons, sold production increased in manufacturing (the main section of industry) as well as in water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities, while it decreased – in electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply as well as in mining and quarrying. Growth was recorded in most main industrial groupings, including the highest in the production of capital goods. Only in the production of energy sales were lower than in 2024.

More dwellings were completed than in the previous year (after a decline in 2024 and 2023). However, following the significant increase in 2024, the number of dwellings for which permits have been granted⁷ decreased, as did the number of dwellings in which construction has begun.

Retail sales increased to a greater extent than in the previous year. In most groups (in entities above 9 employed persons), sales were higher than in 2024, with the largest increase recorded in the group furniture, radio, TV household appliances. However, for the second consecutive year, a slight decrease was recorded in the group food, beverages and tobacco products.

Gross agricultural output was higher than in the previous year, and its growth was higher than in 2024. Both, crop output and animal output, increased.
The average procurement prices of most basic cereals and animal products were above the level recorded a year before. However, the procurement prices of wheat, potatoes and pigs for slaughter declined.

Foreign trade turnover was higher than in the corresponding period of 2024, when a decrease was recorded. The exchange closed with a negative balance (compared to a positive one a year  earlier). Trade with developed countries (including the EU) increased, as well as imports from developing countries, while trade with Central and Eastern European countries declined. The terms of trade index over the ten months of 2025 was unfavourable, as in the previous year.

The investment outlays of the surveyed non-financial enterprises were slightly higher than a  year before (when a decline was recorded). Outlays on purchases increased, whereas these on buildings and structures decreased. Fewer new investments were launched than in the first three quarters of 2024, but their estimated value was higher. Entities with foreign capital incurred lower outlays than a year earlier.

Consumer confidence indicators, reflecting current and expected tendencies in individual consumption, are less unfavourable than in December 2025. Among others, the consumers opinions about current opportunities to make major purchases and to save money. Respondents predict that the increase in consumer prices will persist.

Consumer concerns induced by the conflict in Ukraine generally do not differ significantly from those formulated a month earlier. Slightly fewer of the surveyed indicate, that the current situation in the Ukrainian territory constitutes a great threat to Poland’s sovereignty and independence (30% compared to 31% in December 2025). Slightly more respondents perceive the war in Ukraine as a great threat to the Polish economy (29% compared to 28%). According to assessments of 6% of surveyed, the conflict in Ukraine poses a major threat to their personal financial situation (compared to 9% in December 2025). As a month earlier, 2% of respondents express strong concerns about losing their job necessity or stopping running their own business due to the situation in Ukraine. At the same time, slightly fewer people than in December 2025 notice that such a situation is possible (9% compared 10%).